My research focuses on leveraging wide-field time-domain surveys to study the formation and growth of massive black holes (MBHs) since the early Universe. I have previously worked with data from the Zwicky Transient Facility to identify rare sub-populations of MBHs that provide novel insights into their formation and growth, including: populations of ‘wandering’ MBHs ejected from potential wells during galaxy mergers; low mass ‘hidden’ MBHs in dwarf galaxies that constrain the origin of early Universe MBH seeds; variable MBHs with evolving accretion disks that can mimic MBH binaries; flares from otherwise invisible MBHs after they tidally disrupt stars; and changing-look active galactic nuclei (AGN) which probe MBH growth via episodic accretion. This work is enabled by the development and application of new statistical methods for simultaneous forward modeling of ground and space-based imaging at the pixel level, with stabilization provided by neural network priors on galaxy properties. Over the next few years, we will be applying these new methods to data from Rubin, Euclid, and the La Silla Schmidt Southern Survey to study populations of AGN, tidal disruption events, and strongly lensed supernovae.
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Publications
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Charlotte Ward,
Suvi Gezari,
Sara Frederick,
Erica Hammerstein,
Peter Nugent,
Sjoert van Velzen,
Andrew Drake,
Abigail García-Pérez,
Immaculate Oyoo,
Eric Bellm,
Dmitry Duev,
Matthew Graham,
Mansi Kasliwal,
Stephen Kaye,
Ashish Mahabal,
Frank Masci,
Ben Rusholme,
Maayane Soumagnac,
Lin Yan,
"AGNs on the Move: A Search for Off-nuclear AGNs from Recoiling Supermassive Black Holes and Ongoing Galaxy Mergers with the Zwicky Transient Facility." 913 2 (2021)
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Charlotte Ward,
Suvi Gezari,
Peter Nugent,
Eric Bellm,
Richard Dekany,
Andrew Drake,
Dmitry Duev,
Matthew Graham,
Mansi Kasliwal,
Erik Kool,
Frank Masci,
Reed Riddle,
"Variability-selected Intermediate-mass Black Hole Candidates in Dwarf Galaxies from ZTF and WISE." 936 2 (2022)
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M. Sampson,
P. Melchior,
C. Ward,
S. Birmingham,
"Score-matching neural networks for improved multi-band source separation." Astronomy and Computing 49 (2024)
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Charlotte Ward,
Suvi Gezari,
Peter Nugent,
Matthew Kerr,
Michael Eracleous,
Sara Frederick,
Erica Hammerstein,
Matthew Graham,
Sjoert van Velzen,
Mansi Kasliwal,
Russ Laher,
Frank Masci,
Josiah Purdum,
Benjamin Racine,
Roger Smith,
"Panic at the ISCO: Time-varying Double-peaked Broad Lines from Evolving Accretion Disks Are Common among Optically Variable AGNs." 961 2 (2024)
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Anavi Uppal,
Charlotte Ward,
Suvi Gezari,
Priyamvada Natarajan,
Nianyi Chen,
Patrick LaChance,
Tiziana Di Matteo,
"Astrometric Jitter as a Detection Diagnostic for Recoiling and Slingshot Supermassive Black Hole Candidates." 975 2 (2024)
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E. Ridley,
M. Nicholl,
C. Ward,
P. Blanchard,
R. Chornock,
M. Fraser,
S. Gomez,
S. Mattila,
S. Oates,
G. Pratten,
J. Runnoe,
P. Schmidt,
K. Alexander,
M. Gromadzki,
A. Lawrence,
T. Reynolds,
K. Smith,
Ł. Wyrzykowski,
A. Aamer,
J. Anderson,
S. Benetti,
E. Berger,
T. de Boer,
K. Chambers,
T. Chen,
H. Gao,
C. Gutiérrez,
C. Inserra,
T. Kangas,
G. Leloudas,
E. Magnier,
L. Makrygianni,
T. Moore,
T. Müller-Bravo,
S. Smartt,
K. Sokolovsky,
R. Wainscoat,
D. Young,
"Time-varying double-peaked emission lines following the sudden ignition of the dormant galactic nucleus AT2017bcc." 531 1 (2024)
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C. Ward,
P. Melchior,
M. Sampson,
C. Burke,
J. Siegel,
B. Remy,
S. Birmingham,
E. Ramey,
S. Velzen,
"Disentangling transients and their host galaxies with scarlet2: A framework to forward model multi-epoch imaging." Astronomy and Computing 51 (2025)
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Yuhan Yao,
Ryan Chornock,
Charlotte Ward,
Erica Hammerstein,
Itai Sfaradi,
Raffaella Margutti,
Luke Kelley,
Wenbin Lu,
Chang Liu,
Jacob Wise,
Jesper Sollerman,
Kate Alexander,
Eric Bellm,
Andrew Drake,
Christoffer Fremling,
Marat Gilfanov,
Matthew Graham,
Steven Groom,
K. Hinds,
S. Kulkarni,
Adam Miller,
James Miller-Jones,
Matt Nicholl,
Daniel Perley,
Josiah Purdum,
Vikram Ravi,
R. Rich,
Nabeel Rehemtulla,
Reed Riddle,
Roger Smith,
Robert Stein,
Rashid Sunyaev,
Sjoert van Velzen,
Avery Wold,
"A Massive Black Hole 0.8 kpc from the Host Nucleus Revealed by the Offset Tidal Disruption Event AT2024tvd." 985 2 (2025)
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Charlotte Ward,
Michael Koss,
Michael Eracleous,
Benny Trakhtenbrot,
Franz Bauer,
Turgay Caglar,
Fiona Harrison,
Arghajit Jana,
Darshan Kakkad,
Macon Magno,
Ignacio del Moral-Castro,
Richard Mushotzky,
Kyuseok Oh,
Alessandro Peca,
Meredith Powell,
Claudio Ricci,
Alejandra Rojas,
Krista Smith,
Daniel Stern,
Ezequiel Treister,
C. Urry,
"BASS LII: The prevalence of double-peaked broad lines at low accretion rates among hard X-ray selected AGN." arXiv e-prints (2025)